MyWarmHome Glossary
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A
- Air Changes per Hour ACH
- The number of times the air inside a room or building is replaced in one hour. It is used when looking at ventilation, air quality and heat loss. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Air Permeability
- A measure of how much air leaks through the gaps and cracks in a building. Lower air permeability usually means a more airtight home. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Air Source Heat Pump ASHP
- A low-carbon heating system that takes heat from the outside air and upgrades it to heat the home and hot water. Heating & Hot Water
- Air Tightness
- How well a building prevents uncontrolled draughts and air leakage. Good airtightness helps reduce heat loss but must be balanced with suitable ventilation. Controls
- Air Tightness Test
- A pressure test used to measure how leaky a building is. A fan is usually fitted into a doorway to pressurise or depressurise the property. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Ambient Temperature
- The surrounding air temperature. In heating, this often means the outside air temperature. Heating & Hot Water
- Asbestos Check
- A safety check to identify materials that may contain asbestos before retrofit works are carried out. Retrofit & Standards
- Assessment
- A detailed inspection of a property to understand its current condition, energy performance, heating systems, insulation, ventilation and retrofit suitability. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Assumed PVGIS system losses (%) PVGIS
- This pre-configured value acts as a catch-all safety buffer to account for various real-world inefficiencies between the DC power generated by your solar panels and the AC power delivered to the electricity grid
B
- Background Ventilation
- Low-level ventilation, usually through trickle vents or wall vents, that helps provide fresh air and manage moisture. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Balanced Flue
- A boiler flue system that takes air from outside for combustion and removes exhaust gases safely. Heating & Hot Water
- Battery Storage
- A system that stores electricity, often from solar panels, so it can be used later in the home. Renewables & Electricity
- Biomass Boiler
- A heating system that burns organic material, such as wood pellets or logs, to provide space heating and hot water. Heating & Hot Water
- Boiler
- A heating appliance that heats water for radiators, underfloor heating or hot water cylinders. Common types include gas, oil, LPG and electric boilers. Heating & Hot Water
- Boiler Upgrade Scheme BUS
- A government grant scheme that can help with the cost of installing eligible low-carbon heating systems such as heat pumps. Heating & Hot Water
- Breathability
- The ability of a building material or construction to allow moisture vapour to pass through it. This is especially important in older and traditional buildings. Moisture & Damp
- Breather Membrane
- A membrane used in walls or roofs that helps protect against water while allowing water vapour to escape. Moisture & Damp
- Bridging
- A general term for a break or weakness in insulation, airtightness or damp protection. Moisture & Damp
- Building Fabric
- The physical parts of a building that separate the inside from the outside, including walls, floors, roofs, windows and doors. Building Fabric & Insulation
C
- Cavity Wall
- A wall with two leaves, usually brick or blockwork, separated by a gap or cavity. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Cavity Wall Extraction
- The removal of failed, unsuitable or wet cavity wall insulation from a property. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Cavity Wall Insulation CWI
- Insulation installed into the cavity between the inner and outer leaves of a wall to reduce heat loss. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Cellulose Insulation
- Insulation made from recycled paper fibres. It is often used in lofts, timber frames and some breathable construction systems. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Central Heating
- A heating system where heat is generated in one place, such as a boiler or heat pump, and distributed around the home. Heating & Hot Water
- Coefficient of Performance CoP
- A measure of heat pump efficiency at a particular moment. A CoP of 3 means the heat pump is producing three units of heat for every one unit of electricity used. Heating & Hot Water
- Cold Bridge
- Another term for a thermal bridge. It is an area where heat escapes more easily, often causing cold spots or condensation risk. Moisture & Damp
- Combi Boiler
- A boiler that provides heating and hot water directly, without needing a separate hot water cylinder. Heating & Hot Water
- Combustion Ventilation
- Ventilation required for appliances that burn fuel, such as gas, oil, LPG, coal or wood. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Commissioning
- The process of checking, setting up and recording that a system has been installed correctly and is working as designed. Retrofit & Standards
- Compensation Controls
- Heating controls that adjust flow temperature depending on internal or external conditions. Controls
- Condensation
- Water droplets that form when warm moist air meets a cold surface. It is common on windows, cold walls and areas with poor ventilation. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Condenser
- In a heat pump or refrigeration cycle, the condenser is the heat exchanger where the refrigerant releases heat into the heating system. Heating & Hot Water
- Conservation Area
- An area with special architectural or historic interest. Some retrofit measures may need extra care or permissions. Retrofit & Standards
- Controls
- The timers, thermostats, programmers, smart controls and sensors that manage heating, hot water and ventilation systems. Controls
D
- Damp
- Unwanted moisture in a building. Common types include penetrating damp, rising damp, condensation-related damp and trapped moisture. Moisture & Damp
- Damp Proof Course DPC
- A physical or chemical barrier designed to stop moisture rising through walls. Moisture & Damp
- Decarbonisation
- The process of reducing carbon emissions, often by improving insulation, reducing energy demand and switching to low-carbon heating. Renewables & Electricity
- Design Flow Temperature
- The water temperature a heating system is designed to send to radiators or underfloor heating. Lower flow temperatures are usually better for heat pump efficiency. Heating & Hot Water
- Design Heat Loss
- The amount of heat a property or room is expected to lose during cold weather. It is used to size heating systems correctly. Heating & Hot Water
- Dew Point
- The temperature at which water vapour turns into liquid water. It is important when assessing condensation risk. Moisture & Damp
- Direct Electric Heating
- Heating that uses electricity directly, such as panel heaters, storage heaters, electric radiators or infrared panels. Heating & Hot Water
- District Heating
- A system where heat is produced centrally and supplied to multiple homes or buildings through a heat network. Heating & Hot Water
- Domestic Energy Assessor DEA
- A qualified person who produces Energy Performance Certificates for existing homes. Retrofit & Standards
- Domestic Hot Water DHW
- Hot water used for taps, baths and showers. Heating & Hot Water
- Draught Proofing
- Sealing unwanted gaps around windows, doors, floors and service penetrations to reduce cold draughts and heat loss. Building Fabric & Insulation
E
- ECO4
- The fourth phase of the Energy Company Obligation, a government energy-efficiency scheme aimed at improving eligible homes. Energy & Performance
- Emitter
- A device that gives heat into a room, such as a radiator, underfloor heating loop, fan coil or convector. Heating & Hot Water
- Emitter Sizing
- The process of checking whether radiators or underfloor heating can deliver enough heat at the chosen flow temperature. Heating & Hot Water
- Energy Efficiency
- Using less energy to achieve the same result, such as heating a home to a comfortable temperature with lower energy use. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Energy Performance Certificate EPC
- A certificate that rates a property’s energy performance from A to G and gives recommendations for improvement. Energy & Performance
- Energy Saving Measure ESM
- A retrofit improvement designed to reduce energy use, such as insulation, heating controls, glazing or low-carbon heating. Controls
- Expansion Valve
- In a heat pump or refrigeration cycle, the expansion valve reduces the refrigerant pressure and temperature before it enters the evaporator. Heating & Hot Water
- Expansion Vessel
- A vessel in a sealed heating system that absorbs expansion as water heats up. Heating & Hot Water
- External Wall Insulation EWI
- Insulation fixed to the outside of external walls and finished with render, cladding or another weatherproof layer. Moisture & Damp
- Extractor Fan
- A fan that removes moist or stale air from rooms such as bathrooms, kitchens and utility rooms. Energy & Performance
F
- F-Gas
- Fluorinated greenhouse gas used in some refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems. Some F-gases have high global warming potential. Heating & Hot Water
- Fabric First
- A retrofit approach that improves the building fabric first, such as insulation, airtightness and ventilation, before changing the heating system. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Fan Coil Unit
- A heat emitter that uses a fan to move air across a heating or cooling coil. Heating & Hot Water
- Flat Roof Insulation
- Insulation added to a flat roof. It may be installed above, below or within the roof structure depending on the roof type. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Floor Insulation
- Insulation added to solid floors, suspended timber floors or between floor joists to reduce heat loss. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Flow Rate
- The amount of water moving through a heating system over a set time. Heating & Hot Water
- Flow Temperature
- The temperature of water leaving a boiler or heat pump to supply radiators, underfloor heating or hot water systems. Heating & Hot Water
- Flue
- A pipe or duct that safely removes combustion gases from a boiler, stove or fire. Heating & Hot Water
- Fuel Poverty
- A situation where a household struggles to afford adequate heating and energy services. Heating & Hot Water
G
- Gas Boiler
- A boiler that burns mains gas to provide heating and hot water. Heating & Hot Water
- Glazing
- The glass part of a window or door. Double and triple glazing reduce heat loss compared with single glazing. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Global Warming Potential GWP
- A measure of how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere compared with carbon dioxide. Energy & Performance
- Ground Loop
- Pipework buried in the ground that collects heat for a ground source heat pump. Heating & Hot Water
- Ground Source Heat Pump GSHP
- A heat pump that collects heat from the ground using buried pipework, boreholes or collector loops. Heating & Hot Water
H
- Hard-to-Treat Property
- A home that is more complex or costly to improve, often because of solid walls, unusual construction, access issues or heritage restrictions. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Heat Demand
- The amount of heat needed to keep a home or room at the desired temperature. Energy & Performance
- Heat Exchanger
- A component that transfers heat from one fluid or gas to another without mixing them. Energy & Performance
- Heat Loss
- The amount of heat escaping from a property through walls, roofs, floors, windows, doors, ventilation and draughts. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Heat Loss Calculation
- A calculation used to estimate how much heat a property or room loses. It is essential for sizing heat pumps and radiators correctly. Heating & Hot Water
- Heat Network
- A system that distributes heat from a central source to multiple buildings or homes. Heating & Hot Water
- Heat Pump
- A low-carbon heating system that moves heat from outside air, the ground or water and upgrades it for space heating and hot water. Heating & Hot Water
- Heating Controls
- Devices that control when and how heating operates, including thermostats, programmers, TRVs, smart controls and weather compensation. Controls
- Heating Curve
- A control setting that changes the heat pump flow temperature depending on the outside temperature. Controls
- High Heat Retention Storage Heater
- An improved type of electric storage heater that stores heat more efficiently and releases it in a more controlled way. Controls
- Hot Water Cylinder
- A tank that stores hot water for taps, baths and showers. Heat pumps usually need a compatible hot water cylinder. Heating & Hot Water
- Hybrid Heating System
- A heating system that combines two technologies, such as a heat pump and a gas boiler. Heating & Hot Water
- hygrothermal assessment
- An engineering analysis that tracks how heat and moisture move simultaneously through building walls, roofs, or floors
I
- Indoor Air Quality IAQ
- The quality of the air inside a home. It can be affected by moisture, ventilation, pollutants, mould, combustion appliances and occupancy. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Infrared Heating
- Electric heating panels that warm people and surfaces directly using radiant heat. Heating & Hot Water
- Insulated Plasterboard
- Plasterboard with insulation bonded to the back. It is often used internally on walls or ceilings. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Insulation
- Material used to slow down heat loss. Common examples include mineral wool, PIR, phenolic board, EPS, XPS, wood fibre, hemp, sheep’s wool and cellulose. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Intermittent Extract Fan
- A fan that runs when needed, usually when a bathroom or kitchen is being used. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Internal Wall Insulation IWI
- Insulation fitted to the inside face of external walls. It can improve thermal performance but must be designed carefully to manage moisture risk. Moisture & Damp
- Inverter Compressor
- A variable-speed compressor used in many heat pumps. It can adjust output to match demand more efficiently. Heating & Hot Water
J
- Junction
- A point where building elements meet, such as wall-to-roof, wall-to-floor or window-to-wall. Junctions are important for heat loss and thermal bridging. Building Fabric & Insulation
K
- Kilowatt kW
- A unit of power. Heating system output is usually measured in kilowatts. Heating & Hot Water
- Kilowatt Hour kWh
- A unit of energy. Energy bills usually charge for electricity or gas in kWh. Energy & Performance
L
- Lambda Value
- A measure of a material’s thermal conductivity. Lower lambda values mean the material is better at resisting heat flow. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Lime Plaster
- A traditional breathable plaster often used in older solid-wall buildings. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Listed Building
- A building protected because of its special architectural or historic interest. Retrofit work may need special permissions and sensitive design. Retrofit & Standards
- Loft Insulation
- Insulation installed at ceiling level or roof level to reduce heat loss through the roof. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Low Carbon Heating
- Heating that produces lower carbon emissions than traditional fossil fuel systems. Examples include heat pumps, heat networks and some biomass systems. Heating & Hot Water
- Low Temperature Heating
- A heating system designed to work with lower water temperatures. Heat pumps are most efficient when supplying low flow temperatures. Heating & Hot Water
M
- Mechanical Extract Ventilation MEV
- A ventilation system that continuously extracts air from wet rooms such as kitchens, bathrooms and utility rooms. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery MVHR
- A ventilation system that extracts stale air and supplies fresh air while recovering heat from the outgoing air. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Microgeneration Certification Scheme MCS
- A certification scheme covering low-carbon technologies such as heat pumps, solar PV and battery storage. Renewables & Electricity
- Mineral Wool
- A common insulation material made from glass or rock fibres. It is often used in lofts, cavities, floors and walls. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Moisture Balance
- The relationship between moisture entering, moving through and leaving a building. Poor moisture balance can cause condensation, damp and mould. Moisture & Damp
- Mould
- Fungal growth that can occur where moisture, poor ventilation and cold surfaces are present. Ventilation & Air Quality
N
- Natural Ventilation
- Ventilation driven by wind and temperature differences, usually through windows, vents, chimneys and gaps. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Non-Traditional Construction
- A building type that does not use standard brick or block cavity wall construction. Examples include concrete panel, steel frame, timber frame and system-built homes. Building Fabric & Insulation
O
- Oil Boiler
- A boiler that burns heating oil to provide heating and hot water, common in some off-gas properties. Heating & Hot Water
- OpenTherm
- A communication system that allows compatible boilers and controls to modulate heating output more efficiently. Controls
- Overheating
- When a home becomes uncomfortably hot, often due to solar gains, poor ventilation, insufficient shading or high internal heat gains. Ventilation & Air Quality
P
- Party Wall
- A wall shared between two properties. It may need consideration during insulation, airtightness or ventilation works. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Party Wall
- A wall shared between two properties. It may need consideration during insulation, airtightness or ventilation works. Ventilation & Air Quality
- PAS 2030
- A standard covering the installation of energy-efficiency measures in existing buildings. Retrofit & Standards
- PAS 2035
- The UK retrofit standard for assessing, designing and managing domestic retrofit projects using a whole-house approach. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Peak Load
- The highest heating demand expected during very cold conditions. Heating & Hot Water
- Penetrating Damp
- Moisture entering through the building fabric, often due to defects such as failed pointing, cracked render, roof leaks or blocked gutters. Moisture & Damp
- Perimeter Insulation
- Insulation installed around floor edges or foundations to reduce heat loss at junctions. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Phenolic Insulation
- A rigid insulation board with good thermal performance for its thickness. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Photovoltaics PV
- Solar panels that generate electricity from daylight. Renewables & Electricity
- PIR Insulation
- Polyisocyanurate insulation board. A rigid foam board commonly used in walls, floors and roofs. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Planning Permission
- Formal consent that may be needed for some external changes, such as external wall insulation, solar panels in sensitive areas or alterations to listed buildings. Renewables & Electricity
- Pressure Relief Valve PRV
- A safety valve that releases pressure if a heating or hot water system becomes over-pressurised. Heating & Hot Water
- Primary Energy
- Energy measured before losses from generation, conversion and distribution are considered. Energy & Performance
- Psi Value
- A measure of heat loss at junctions between building elements, such as around windows or where walls meet floors. Building Fabric & Insulation
Q
- Quality Assurance QA
- Checks carried out to make sure retrofit work has been assessed, designed, installed and recorded correctly. Retrofit & Standards
R
- R-Value
- A measure of thermal resistance. Higher R-values mean better resistance to heat flow. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Radiator
- A heat emitter that transfers heat from hot water into a room. Heating & Hot Water
- RdSAP
- Reduced Data Standard Assessment Procedure. The method used to assess the energy performance of existing UK homes for EPCs. Retrofit & Standards
- Refrigerant
- The working fluid inside a heat pump or refrigeration system. It absorbs and releases heat as it changes pressure and state. Heating & Hot Water
- Refrigeration Cycle
- The process used by heat pumps, fridges and air conditioners to move heat. The main stages are compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation. Moisture & Damp
- Relative Humidity RH
- The amount of moisture in the air compared with the maximum amount it could hold at that temperature. Moisture & Damp
- Render
- An external finish applied to walls. It may be used as part of an external wall insulation system. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Renewable Energy
- Energy from sources that naturally replenish, such as sunlight, wind, water and ambient heat. Renewables & Electricity
- Retrofit
- Improving an existing building to make it more energy efficient, comfortable, healthy and lower carbon. Retrofit & Standards
- Retrofit Assessment
- A property assessment that looks at the building condition, occupancy, energy use, ventilation, heritage issues and suitability for improvement measures. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Retrofit Assessor
- A qualified person who gathers the property information needed for a retrofit project. Retrofit & Standards
- Retrofit Coordinator
- A qualified person responsible for overseeing the retrofit process under PAS 2035, including risk management and coordination. Retrofit & Standards
- Retrofit Design
- The technical design of energy-efficiency measures, including specifications, drawings, moisture risk and ventilation requirements. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Retrofit Installer
- A contractor who installs energy-efficiency measures such as insulation, heating, ventilation or renewables. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Retrofit Plan
- A staged plan for improving a home over time, often following a whole-house approach. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Return Temperature
- The temperature of water returning from radiators or underfloor heating back to the boiler or heat pump. Heating & Hot Water
- Rising Damp
- Moisture rising from the ground through walls or floors, usually linked to a failed or missing damp proof course. Moisture & Damp
- Room-by-Room Heat Loss
- A detailed calculation of heat loss for each room, used to size radiators, underfloor heating and heat pumps. Ventilation & Air Quality
S
- SAP
- Standard Assessment Procedure. The UK method for assessing the energy performance of new dwellings. Retrofit & Standards
- Seasonal Coefficient of Performance SCOP
- A seasonal measure of heat pump efficiency over a period of heating operation. Heating & Hot Water
- Seasonal Performance Factor SPF
- A measure of heat pump performance over time, comparing useful heat output to electricity input. Heating & Hot Water
- Secondary Glazing
- An additional pane or frame fitted inside an existing window to improve thermal performance, comfort and noise reduction. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Service Penetration
- A place where pipes, cables or ducts pass through the building fabric. Poorly sealed penetrations can cause draughts and heat loss. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Smart Meter
- A meter that records energy use and sends readings automatically to the supplier. Energy & Performance
- Solar Gain
- Heat gained from sunlight entering a building, especially through windows. Renewables & Electricity
- Solar PV
- Solar photovoltaic panels that generate electricity. Renewables & Electricity
- Solar Thermal
- Solar panels that use sunlight to heat water. Renewables & Electricity
- Solid Floor Insulation
- Insulation added above or below a solid concrete floor. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Solid Wall
- A wall without a cavity, often found in older homes. Solid walls can be insulated internally or externally. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Space Heating
- Heating used to warm the rooms in a home. Heating & Hot Water
- Specification
- The written technical detail describing how retrofit measures should be installed. Retrofit & Standards
- Suspended Timber Floor
- A timber floor with a ventilated void underneath. It can often be insulated between the joists. Ventilation & Air Quality
- System Boiler
- A boiler that works with a hot water cylinder but has many components built into the boiler unit. Heating & Hot Water
T
- Thermal Bridge
- An area where heat passes through the building fabric more easily, often at junctions, steelwork, lintels or gaps in insulation. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Thermal Conductivity
- How easily heat passes through a material. Lower conductivity means better insulation performance. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Thermal Envelope
- The parts of the building that separate heated spaces from unheated spaces or outside air. Energy & Performance
- Thermal Imaging
- Use of an infrared camera to identify heat loss, missing insulation, cold spots and thermal bridges. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Thermal Mass
- The ability of materials such as brick, concrete or stone to absorb, store and release heat. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Thermostat
- A control that turns heating on or off, or modulates it, based on temperature. Controls
- Thermostatic Radiator Valve TRV
- A valve fitted to a radiator that helps control the temperature in an individual room. Controls
- Timber Frame
- A construction type where the main structural frame is made from timber. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Trickle Vent
- A small controllable vent, usually in a window frame, that provides background ventilation. Controls
- TrustMark
- A UK government-endorsed quality scheme used for many retrofit and energy-efficiency works. Retrofit & Standards
U
- U-Value
- A measure of how much heat passes through a building element, such as a wall, roof, floor, window or door. The lower the U-value, the better the insulation performance. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Underfloor Heating UFH
- A heating system with pipes or electric elements installed in or under the floor. Wet underfloor heating can work well with heat pumps because it can run at low temperatures. Heating & Hot Water
- Underfloor Insulation UFI
- Insulation installed below a floor, commonly between suspended timber floor joists. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Unheated Space
- An area such as a loft, garage, cellar or porch that is not normally heated. Energy & Performance
V
- Vapour Barrier
- A layer designed to stop or reduce water vapour passing through a building element. Moisture & Damp
- Vapour Control Layer VCL
- A material used to control the movement of moisture vapour through walls, roofs or floors. Controls
- Ventilation
- The controlled supply and removal of air from a home. Ventilation helps manage moisture, odours, pollutants and indoor air quality. Controls
- Ventilation Heat Loss
- Heat lost when warm indoor air is replaced by colder outside air. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Ventilation Rate
- The amount of air supplied to or removed from a building over time. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Ventilation Strategy
- A planned approach to providing enough fresh air before and after retrofit works. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Volumiser
- A vessel used in some heat pump systems to increase system water volume and help stable operation. Heating & Hot Water
W
- Warm Roof
- A roof construction where insulation is installed above the roof deck, helping keep the structure warm. Building Fabric & Insulation
- Water Source Heat Pump WSHP
- A heat pump that collects heat from a water source such as a lake, river, pond, well or open-loop system. Heating & Hot Water
- Weather Compensation
- A control method that adjusts heating flow temperature based on the outside temperature. Controls
- Weatherproofing
- Protecting a building from rain, wind and external moisture. Moisture & Damp
- Wet Room Extract
- Ventilation that extracts moist air from bathrooms, shower rooms, kitchens and utility rooms. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Whole-House Approach
- A retrofit method that considers the whole property rather than installing individual measures in isolation. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Whole-House Retrofit Plan
- A staged improvement plan that considers insulation, heating, ventilation, moisture, comfort, cost and future works. Ventilation & Air Quality
- Window Reveal
- The area around the window opening. Reveals are important because they can create thermal bridges if not insulated properly. Building Fabric & Insulation
X
- XPS Insulation
- Extruded polystyrene insulation. A rigid foam insulation often used where moisture resistance and compressive strength are needed. Moisture & Damp
Z
- Zero Carbon
- A term used when a building, process or activity produces no net carbon emissions. In homes, this usually involves reducing demand first, then using low-carbon heat and renewable energy. Renewables & Electricity
- Zero Direct Emissions Heating
- Heating that produces no emissions at the point of use, such as electric heat pumps or direct electric heating. Heating & Hot Water
- Zoning
- Dividing a heating system into separate areas that can be controlled independently, improving comfort and efficiency. Controls
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